Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. At the time that Rheinmetall developed the Flak 41, Krupp tried to compete with their 8.8 cm Gerät 42 proposal, which was not accepted for production as an anti-aircraft gun. The puppet Premier Romanovhad decided to secretly re-arm the Soviet military and, exploiting another loophole in the treaty, commissioned the development of a cheaper anti-air emplacement to repel the expanding Allied airforce. In 1937, the Chinese Nationalist Government imported 20 Flak 18 guns and used them to defend the fortifications along the Yangtze River. Targeting indicators were attached to the central controller to each of the four guns of a battery, allowing for coordinated fire. Operation Barbarossa: the Complete Organisational and Statistical Analysis, and Military Simulation Volume IIB. A simple-to-operate "semi-automatic" loading system ejected fired shells, allowing it to be reloaded by simply inserting a new shell into a tray. The Junkers Ju-88 was a German twin-engine combat aircraft that was designed in the mid-1930s and used by the Luftwaffe during World War II. In the entire Battle of France, the weapon destroyed 152 tanks and 151 bunkers. However it was immediately evident that the Regio Esercito (Italian Royal Army) did not have at its disposal a tractor with characteristics suitable for towing this piece, given that the task was entrusted to Lancia 3Ro, without all-wheel drive. The Kommandogerät systems were introduced starting in 1925, and the Kommandogerät p40 was the standard system during the majority of the war. Newer Post Older Post Home. Source: BaronVonGamez. After the war these cannons remained in Finnish use as AA-guns until 1977 and after that as coastal guns until the early 2000s. III radars. The Flak 18 was mounted on a cruciform gun carriage. So far, therefore, in accordance with the kill/loss ratio the following vehicles (with an indication of the Battle Rating = BR) are the most effective ones in Realistic Land Battles.. Problems with the multi-part barrel construction of the Flak 37 were encountered and a new barrel based on the monoblock construction of the Flak 18 was designed. The resulting unit outperformed the 105 mm original and was called the 8.8 cm Flak 39/41. NEW 29k Flak Truck (War Thunder 1.67 Gameplay) March 18, 2017 War Thunder 20:25. gulumik@gmail.com Values in the range of 1.0 are only average and below are already reveal too weak vehicles. Aside from the fact that we and the Germans have not been trading shots since May 1945, the state of the art of armoured—or armored, as we spell it over here—warfare has changed considerably since then. The loaders would keep the weapon fed with live ammunition which would fire immediately upon insertion—all while the gun layer aimed the weapon according to the data. [15] An American tanker who survived losing three tanks wrote to Chrysler after V-E Day that "an 88 sure makes quick work of them. Le Grand Bunker "Musée du Mur de l´Atlantique", Musée du Débarquement, Arromanches-les-Bains, Luftwaffenmuseum der Bundeswehr, Berlin-Gatow, Muzeum Śląskie (Silesian Museum), Katowice, Poland. The subsequent operations Overlord and Dragoon would follow. 14-oct-2018 - Explora el tablero "Flak 88mm Anti-tank" de PumBye, que 173 personas siguen en Pinterest. 8.8cm Flugzeugabwehrkanone (Model 18/36/37/41) by: Darren Baker. Flak 88 mm Gun. II and GL Mk. [citation needed]. Research Director The flak cannon ultimately replaced the SAM sit… Only a few were built in mid-1993, the entire project was generally regarded as unsuccessful.[32]. During 1942 tests were made using the Flak 41 barrel and Flak 37 chassis but these identified that the chassis could not take the strain even when strengthened. Initially, anti-aircraft artillery guns of World War I were adaptations of existing medium-caliber weapons, mounted to allow fire at higher angles. Gun Ammunition Shot type Weight Muzzle velocity Range; 100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m; 7.92 mm; 7,92 mm K 98 k 7,92 mm K 41 7,92 mm K 43 These cannons played an important role against Soviet air raids in Helsinki in February 1944. I have enough US armor for a M60 company or an M1 Abrams ... 1 week ago Just Add Water. Location & Hours Billings Army Navy Surplus 10 N. 29th St. Billings MT 59101. Following the end of the Second World War, the Allied Forces disarmed most of the Soviet Union's military arsenal as part of the peace treaty. All versions were able to penetrate about 200 mm (7.9 inches) of armour at 1,000 m (3280 feet), allowing it to defeat the armor of any contemporary tank. The 8.8 cm Flak performed well in its original role of an anti-aircraft gun and it proved to be a superb anti-tank gun as well. In 1943–1944 Finland bought 90 8.8 cm FlaK 37 cannons from Germany and they were used for air defence of largest cities in Finland. The Allies had nothing as good, despite one of them designating itself the world's greatest industrial power. War Thunder Bomber Hero Survival – Flak vs Bomber Formation! How Would an Abrams Tank Fare Vs. a WWII 88? It was developed by General Dynamics, who designed and built the US M1 Abrams main battle tanks. The FlaK 18, version of the "88" gun sent to Spain, was soon used as anti-tank, anti-bunker and even as anti-battery. Bad weather grounded the main bomber force, but the assault succeeded, mainly because of the concentrated and accurate fire of the supporting 88 mm guns. The Allied weapons' capabilities were augmented by the introduction of proximity fuzes. It is doubtful that Second World War era anti-tank guns would do much to modern tanks like the Abrams. The best Cold War weapons are about to square off. [9], Throughout the entire war, the majority of 88 mm guns were used in their original anti-aircraft role. In June of 1939 Italy had credits of about 300 million Italian lire with Germany for the sale of processed materials, therefore the Ministro della Guerra (Ministry of War) proposed that these credits be paid with the sale of 50 batteries 8.8 Flak (88/55 in the Italian nomenclature), equal to 300 guns with relative ammunition. ... (13 MJ!!!!!) In reality both would prove unequal to the task as they floundered amidst the rugged hills and ravines of the Tunisian landscape. New announcement - #70180AG - 1/6 Dragon Original Action Gear for Lieutenant Colonel "Abrams" 37th Tank Battalion Commander 4th Armored Division [70180AG] 2020.12.15 New announcement - #7685 - 1/72 M1134 Stryker ATGM [9], The guns were usually equipped with a Kommandogerät system, which was an analog gunnery computer. The Würzburg radar series of radars was produced in the thousands and used widely. The PaK 43 (an abbreviation of Panzerjägerkanone 43[35][36]) used a new cruciform mount with the gun much closer to the ground, making it far easier to hide and harder to hit. B-52 STRATOFORTRESS VS SA-2 "GUIDELINE" SAM - VIETNAM 1972–73 ... Prenota "GERMAN FLAK DEFENCES VS ALLIED HEAVY BOMBERS - 1942-45" Il tuo nome . German Flak Defences vs Allied Heavy Bombers: 1942–45 (Duel Book 98) - Kindle edition by Nijboer, Donald, Laurier, Jim, Hector, Gareth. [28] The war in Spain, with its wildly fluctuating front lines and the presence of Russian tanks, forced the Germans to employ the Flak 18 guns in a direct fire mode against ground targets. Lets get started! Flans Mod: Guns and Ammo (Minecraft): Hello, today we will be learning how shoot guns in minecraft using Flans Mod. pp 293. water-cooled diesel MTU 871 Ka-501 1200 hp (890 kW) The 88's were mainly used against aircraft until the Germans realised that the 88 is very effective against enemy tanks when it's fired directly at them. Technoframes has added the famous Flak 88mm add it to their range of replica cartridges. From the Battle of the Airfield at the Collings Foundation 2010. The prototype Flak 18 appeared in 1928. 8,8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41 atau juga dikenal sebagai Flak 88, memiliki nama lengkap Flugabwehrkanone 18 adalah sebuah meriam antipesawat dan antitank yang digunakan oleh Tentara Jerman Nazi selama Perang Dunia II, sementara angka "88" dalam nama "Flak 88" diambil dari kaliber peluru yang digunakan oleh meriam ini, yaitu 88 milimeter.. Profil. Shooting a Flak 88 WOW. It was not one gun, but a series of anti-aircraft guns officially called the 8.8 cm Flak 18, 36 or 37, and could also include newer and more powerful models, the Flak 41 and 43, although these were different weapons. Some flak batteries used guns worn out from firing beyond their operational lives, which typically limited their effective ceiling to 7,470 m (24,510 ft).[34]. The less open terrain in Italy and Northern France was less suitable for long-range AT guns. [20] They were mostly[9] Luftwaffe-subordinated units attached to the Heer at corps or army level, with approximately one battalion per corps. George Washington Gale Ferris, inventor of the Ferris Wheel. Later came the 108 mm Flak 38/39 and the 128 mm Flak 40. Between them and Italian 155 mm (6-inch) shore batteries the destroyer HMS Sikh was so severely damaged that she sank while being towed by HMS Zulu. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading German Flak Defences vs Allied Heavy Bombers: 1942–45 (Duel Book 98). The parts of the various versions of the guns were interchangeable, and it was not uncommon for various parts to be "mixed and matched" on a particular example. It was designed in the mid-1930s as a fast bomber. D 2030 – 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/2 (L/71), Beschreibung, 28 January 1944. [24] The batteries were supplied complete with a Zeiss firing station Mod. It allowed general area fire without line of sight, but had poor accuracy compared to the visual systems. Several of the Finnish guns survive in museums and as memorials. Lulu Publishing. Posted by Gary at 8:42 AM. Ordnance is an all encompassing term that refers to mounted guns, artillery and other related weaponry. Constitution vs Guerriere ... DUEL 88. Despite a number of technical problems during its development and early operations, it was one of the most versatile combat aircraft of the war. As its role suggests, it is intended to be used against enemy aircraft as is quite effective at taking down targets at close to medium range. The German 88’s ability to kick butt may have been legendary, but so were those of Richard Coeur de Lion at an earlier time. In the Spanish Civil War (1936-39), the German Condor Legion deployed a mobile flak detachment with 88s, which proved accurate and versatile in combat. [N 3]. El cañón del Tiger tenía una trayectoria muy plana y miras telescópicas Zeiss TZF 9b muy precisas. Flak 36. Greece had at least 24 guns (8.8) that were used against the Regia Aeronautica during the Italian invasion of Greece in 1940. The main armament of the Tiger II heavy tank, the KwK 43 tank gun, was the PaK 43 adapted for tank use, and it was considered for the Panther II tank. "I think the T-90 is probably pretty close," he told one senator. [American troops] knew that the greatest single weapon of the war, the atomic bomb excepted, was the German 88 mm flat-trajectory gun, which brought down thousands of bombers and tens of thousands of soldiers. This experience also demonstrated a number of minor problems and potential improvement opportunities. [4] For normal emplacement, one single-axle bogie was detached from the front outrigger and one from the rear, side outriggers were then hinged from the vertical position to the ground; the total time to set up was estimated at two and a half minutes. University Press of Kansas. GULUMIK MILITARY MODELS MINIATURES 1/72 STUDIOS DESIGN, BUILDING, PAINTING, MOULDING & PRINTING 3D Please feel free to contact me if you have any question. Once assembled, dimensions are 4.53 L x 5.43 W x 3.74 H inches. "[9] It featured a lower silhouette on its turntable mounting than did the 8.8-cm Flak 18/36/37 on its pedestal mounting. When the U.S. Army's M3 Stuart and M4 Sherman tanks pursued, concealed German guns picked them off at ranges far beyond those of their 37 mm and 75 mm guns respectively. [4] While this was potent against US daylight raids, which generally flew at altitudes of 6,400 to 7,600 m (21,000 to 24,900 ft), some aircraft were able to fly higher than the gun's effective ceiling. "German 88: The Most Famous Gun of the Second World War" Pen and Sword Books Ltd, This page was last edited on 8 February 2021, at 23:42. As WW2 progressed, it was becoming increasingly clear that existing anti-tank weapons were unable to pierce the armor of heavier enemy tanks and ground commanders began increasingly to use the 8.8 cm Flak against tanks. It was this muzzle velocity, combined with a projectile of high weight, that made the 8.8 cm Flak one of the great World War II anti-tank guns. PANZERFAUST VS SHERMAN - EUROPEAN THEATER 1944-45 ... Segnala "M1 Abrams vs T-72 Ural" ad un amico Il tuo nome. When World War II began, more than 2,500 Flak 18, or improved Flak 36/37 models, were in service. Main armament: 120 mm L/44 M256A1 smoothbore gun (42 rounds) 125 mm 2A46-2 smoothbore gun T-80B, 2A46M-1 T-80U : Engine: Honeywell AGT1500C multi-fuel turbine engine The designers started again, using 88 mm caliber. Krupp continued development, resulting in the dreaded 8.8 cm PaK 43 anti-tank gun and the related 8.8 cm KwK 43 tank gun. The Flak eighty-eight is probably the best known artillery piece of World War II. It was capable of deploying cluster bombs, as well as anti-personnel and anti-tank mines, at up to 50 km. Still, he warned that Russia has closed the gap it had with the US since the end of the Cold War. The KwK 36 (abbreviation of Kampfwagenkanone 36) was a tank gun developed and built by Krupp in parallel to the Flak 36, with which it shared ammunition and ballistics. Penetration of the Pzgr. [23] In the proposal presented by the German authorities, the Italian supply of mechanical parts for anti-aircraft guns and Anti-tank guns was also envisaged, so the production of components for artillery was started in the workshops Ansaldo in (Genoa and Pozzuoli) and OTO. Thanks for watching! Inexperienced U.S. tankers and commanders rushed into a valley at Faid only to be obliterated. [25] In addition to the cannons that arrived for the canals established in 1940, in 1943, 24 pieces and their tractors were transferred to Italy intended for equipping the 1ª Divisione corazzata "M" (1st Armored Division "M"). War Thunder Custom Battles – Baron, Phly, Sherman and Argyle try to shoot down hundreds of enemy bombers to determine who can survive the longest and be the BOMBER HERO! This gun served as the main armament of the Tiger I heavy tank. The original design was a 75 mm model. TM E9-369A: German 88-mm Antiaircraft Gun Materiel, Technical Manual, US War Department, June 29, 1943 88 mm FlaK 18/36/37/41 & PaK 43 1936-45 by John Norris, New Vanguard (ISBN 978-1-84176-341-5) Die Flak Stellungen ein Typen heft (1944, German handbook, WWII origin) "I think we have parity, I think there is parity out there." Fleet also earned new cruisers and destroyers for use! Casualties among the legion's 88 mm gun batteries in the Spanish Civil War were second only to those among the bomber pilots. In Battlefield 1942, the Flak 38 is the Axis forces' anti-aircraft gun, issued to the Wehrmacht, Afrika Korps and Imperial Japanese Navy, as well as to the Royal Italian Army in The Road to Rome and to the Waffen-SS in Secret Weapons of WWII. [9] The 8.8 cm Flak was used against heavily armored tanks such as the Char B1 bis and Matilda II, whose frontal armour could not be penetrated by the standard light 3.7 cm anti-tank gun. 8 heavy tractor. academy # 13523 1/35 pz.kpfw.v panther ausf.g ''last production'' AFV CLUB # AF35060 1/35 M60A1 PATTON MAIN BATTLE TANK AFV CLUB # AF35141 1/35 LVTH6A1 FIRE SUPPORT VEHICLE Panzer V Ausf.A. The name applies to a series of related guns, the first one officially called the 8.8 cm Flak 18, the improved 8.8 cm Flak 36, and later the 8.8 cm Flak 37. Just as a matter of interest, how would a modern, say, Abrams tank with all its much vaunted armoured protection fare if struck by one of these huge shells? La tua email. To receive notification whenever any new item is published on HistoryNet, just scroll down the column on the right and sign up for our RSS feed. New explosive reactive armour, which explodes against the incoming shell that activates it to counter its effects, makes it unlikely that a conventional 88mm shell would penetrate the hide of an M1 Abrams, a T-80, a Merkava or, for that matter, a Challenger, all of which are armoured to resist the sort of 120mm to 125mm SABOT or HEAT rounds that they themselves fire using various advanced guidance systems. Flan's Mod is a huge mod for Minecraft which adds planes, cars, tanks, guns, grenades and more in a customisable content pack system. The 88 FlaK 41used an 858mm long cartridge, significantly longer than the cartridge used by its predecessors. [9], Because of problems in service, the guns were almost exclusively used in Germany where they could be properly maintained and serviced. Flak 37 gun at the Deutsches Panzermuseum, Munster, Germany, Flak 37 gun at the Anti-aircraft Museum in Hyrylä, Finland, Flak 36 gun in position at Bir Hakeim, North Africa, June 1942, Flak 36 battery in firing position, Germany, 1943, FuMG 39 “Würzburg” radar at an anti-aircraft position on the Atlantic Wall, France, 1942, 8.8 cm Flak 36 with Flak Rohr 18 barrel at the, Comparison with similar anti-aircraft guns, Weapons of comparable role, performance and era, In German, the comma is used as the decimal separator, hence official punctuation was actually "8,8 cm" and not "8.8 cm". Email dell'amico. This resulted in firing rates of 15 to 20 rounds a minute, which was better than similar weapons of the era. Main armament: KM68A1 105 mm K1, KM256 120mm K1A1 : 120 mm L/44 M256A1 smoothbore gun (42 rounds) Engine: 8-cyl. Production: 21310 guns. Introducing Rank VII ground vehicles with the likes of M1A1 Abrams and the Leopard 2A5! [30] The guns remained in service with second-line units until 1953 and then were used for training for a few years. World of Tanks on Console is a free-to-play, team-based MMO dedicated to strategic armored warfare in the mid-20th century. The German Condor Legion made extensive use of the 8.8 cm Flak 18 in the Spanish Civil War, where its usefulness as an anti-tank weapon and general artillery piece exceeded its role as an anti-aircraft gun. [citation needed] The flak detachment with 88s proved accurate and versatile in combat against mainly land targets, the high muzzle velocity and large caliber making it an excellent long-range anti-vehicle and anti-bunker weapon. Our military surplus ordnance selection includes artillery shells for sale, grenades, shell casings, fuses and everything in between. This early model, the Flak 18, used a single-piece barrel with a length of 56 calibers, leading to the commonly seen designation L/56. In addition to these Krupp designs, Rheinmetall later created a more powerful anti-aircraft gun, the 8.8 cm Flak 41,[N 1] which was produced in relatively small numbers. M1A1 ABRAMS with sandbags 1/72 Revell; SdKfz 9 Flak 8,8cm 1/72 CMK/Revell; RSO Steyr mit 7,5cm PAK 40/4 1/72 Modelkrak - Gallery; Flakpanzer IV 3,7cm late 1/72 Armo- Gallery; Steyr RSO mit 7,5cm PAK 40/4 1/72 ModelKrak; 3,7cm Flak auf Panzer IV late - 1/72 ARMO 72132; RS-12M Topol 1/72 ARMORY AR M72403 - Gallery February (38) The barrel was at first a three-section one with a length of 74 calibers, and then redesigned to dual-section with a length of 72 calibers. Given appropriate ammunition it proved quite capable in both roles. Following the Spanish Civil War, more Flak 36 models arrived in 1943 (88 guns 88/56 mm Flak-36) and since 1943 they were manufactured under license in Trubia under the denomination FT 44 (about 200 guns). Krupp had the majority ownership in Bofors since 1921. [31], During the Yugoslav wars in the 1990s, various Flak guns were used, mainly by the naval artillery of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). Of the latter, a small number were 10.5 cm Flak 38s or 39s, the majority were 8.8 cm Flak 18s, 36s or 37s. The higher-level tactical unit was usually a mixed anti-aircraft battalion (gemischte Flak-Abteilung). [citation needed], The Flak 36 guns were briefly issued in late 1944 to the American Seventh Army as captured weapons. This is how the Maus and the Abrams compare Armor: Maus had 200mm krypt armor formation on the skirts and 250mm on the turret mantle which was a highly formidable armor set. By Donald Nijboer. Its hard to argue that either the 17 pounder or the Russian 100mm was equal to the 88 for the following reasons:-German optics were unexcelled the entire war-German anti tank rounds were far superior in penetration than comparable shells of a similar caliber-the 88 was designed as a flak weapon to engage aircraft at high altittude. [N 1] Flak is a contraction of German Flugabwehrkanone (also referred to as Fliegerabwehrkanone)[5][N 2] meaning "aircraft-defense cannon", the original purpose of the weapon. It was designed in the mid-1930s as a fast bomber. Later in that theater, in the Battle of Faid in Tunisia, Rommel camouflaged many 8.8 cm Flaks (with additional 7.5 cm Pak 40s and 5 cm Pak 38s) in cactus-filled areas. Virginia War Museum, Newport News, Virginia. Starting from October 1942, several batteries, while remaining in German possession, were used by Italian personnel (officers and troops) for the protection of military infrastructures and cities, this practice was further intensified in 1943, reaching more than 100 batteries. Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston (PAK 43 and Flak 37). I./43 (Major Wegener) employed these guns against a commando landing raid called Operation Agreement by the British Royal Navy near Tobruk. Deme and Idrissaare some of the colonial troops sent. This resulted in the Giant Würzburg, which had sufficient accuracy to precisely control guns without direct visual contact. Radar aiming systems were also developed to complement these systems. At the end of the war the Spanish Army was using all of the Flak 18 guns sent, some 52 units. Flan's Mod. By 1915, the German command realized that these were useless for anything beyond deterrence, even against the vulnerable balloons and slow-moving aircraft of the period. The first deliveries were made in March 1943[12] and, as of August 1944, only 157 were fielded; with 318 in January 1945. One 76 mm hole in outrigger. After losing the war, Germany had been forbidden under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles from procuring new weapons of most types. The German 88mm gun is probably the best known artillery piece of World War II. Varianter Varianter som använder 88×571R mm patroner. The British equivalent to the 88mm flak gun was the 3.7 inch anti-aircraft gun. The 8.8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41 is a German 88 mm anti-aircraft and anti-tank artillery gun, developed in the 1930s. Jack Benny, comedian, radio and television performer, and violinist. At the end of 1940, 44 pieces and relative firing stations were available. Some groups were subsequently assigned to mobile motorcycle sections. It was widely used by Germany throughout World War II and is one of the most recognized German weapons of that conflict. Russia's Deadly T-80 Tank vs. America's M-1 Abrams: Who Wins? It's 1989, and the USSR just invaded Western Germany. Nome dell'amico. April 11, 2014 By SGN Online Editors. [9] For example, in January 1943 – at a time when Germany was desperately fighting to regain the strategic initiative in the East and was also facing a heavy bombing campaign in the West – expenditures on anti-aircraft defenses were 39 million reichsmarks, whereas all the remaining weapons and munitions production amounted to 93 million (including 20 million of the navy budget and only nine million of the aircraft-related budget).